Acordul substantivelor invariabile la singular
In cazul substantivelor invariabile, predicatul este fie numai la singular, dupa substantive invariabile la singular, fie numai la plural, dupa substantive invariabile la plural, cu cateva situatii speciale in ambele cazuri.
Substantivele invariabile la singular se acorda cu verbul predicat la singular. Din aceasta clasa de substantive fac parte:
1) substantive nenumarabile concrete: Butter CONTAINS animal fat. Untul contine grasime animala.
2) substantive nenumarabile abstracte:
His knowledge of English IS good. Cunostintele lui de engleza sunt bune.
My homework for today IS difficult. Temele pentru azi sunt grele.
3) substantivul news: The news IS good. Vestile sunt bune.
4) numele de boli: Mumps IS infectious. Oreionul este o boala infectioasa.
5) nume de stiinte si obiecte de studiu: Mathematics IS more difficult than Geography. Matematica este mai grea decat geografia.
6) nume de jocuri: Billiards IS a game for adults. Biliardul este un joc pentru adulti.
7) unele substantive proprii: Athens is the capital of Greece. Atena este capitala Greciei.
8) adjective si participii abstracte substantivizate:
In most fairy-stories the good FIGHTS against the evil. In majoritatea basmelor, binele lupta impotriva raului.
C. Acordul substantivelor invariabile la plural
Substantivele invariabile la plural se acorda cu verbul predicat la plural. Din aceasta clasa de substantive fac parte:
1) substantive care denumesc obiecte formate din doua parti egale - unelte sau articole de imbracaminte - (summation plurals):
Where ARE my glasses ? Unde-mi sunt ochelarii ?
These tights ARE too long. Acesti ciorapi pantalon sunt prea lungi.
2) alte substantive folosite numai la plural, terminate de regula in -s:(pluralia tantum)
All the valuables HAVE been locked in the safe. Toate obiectele de valoare au fost incuiate in seif.
3) substantive nemarcate la plural:
The cattle ARE grazing. Vitele pasc. People walk in this park on Sundays. Lumea se plimba in acest parc duminica.
4) adjectivele sau participiile personale substantivizate:
The handicapped ATTEND special schools. Handicapatii frecventeaza scoli speciale.
5) unele substantive proprii: The Alps ARE the highest mountains in Europe. Alpii sunt cei mai inalti munti din Europa.
Exceptii. Substantivul propriu the United States se acorda cu verbul la singular cand este privit ca o unitate: The United States lies in North America.
Source : https://www.rasfoiesc.com/educatie/literatura/gramatica/Acordul-subiectului-cu-predica97.php
10 Rules for Subject-Verb Agreement
- 1. Singular subjects require singular verbs. For example, in the sentence, “The train runs from Phoenix to El Paso,” “the train” is the singular subject taking on the singular verb “runs.”
- 2. Plural subjects require plural verbs. In the sentence, “The trains run all night long,” the plural “trains” necessitates the plural verb “run.”
- 3. Compound subjects with the word “and” require plural verbs. In the sentence, “Pizza and cauliflower taste great together,” “pizza” and “cauliflower” are grouped together to create a compound subject.
- 4. Compound subjects with the word “or” or “nor” can take either a singular verb or a plural verb.
- If the number of the subject closest to the verb is singular, use a singular verb. For example, “Either Jeff or Jane knows the answer.”
- If the number of the subject closest to the verb is plural, use a plural verb. For example, “Either Jeff or his sisters know the answer.”
- 5. Collective nouns can be singular or plural. Collective nouns like “team,” “company,” “city,” “state,” “government,” “committee,” and “store” are singular nouns and thus take singular verbs. Collective nouns like “team members,” “company leaders,” and “city officials” are plural and thus take plural verbs.
- 6. Indefinite pronouns are singular and take singular verbs. The indefinite pronouns “anything,” “anywhere,” “anybody,” “anyone,” “each,” “each one,” “either,” “neither,” “everyone,” “everybody,” “nobody,” “somebody,” “someone,” and “no one” are singular. They take the singular form of verbs. For example, “Nobody likes fondue anymore.”
- 7. A pair is a singular noun and takes a singular verb. For example, “pair” is the singular subject in “That old pair of jeans has treated me well.”
- 8. Plural-form subjects are often singular when presented as a title. For example, “Physics is an essential subject.”
- 9. Gerunds often function as singular nouns, and they take singular verbs. For example, “Swimming was the sport that taught me how to win.”
- 10. The phrase “one of the [plural noun] who/that” requires a singular verb. Although the phrase will contain a plural noun, it should receive a singular verb to agree with the noun phrase “one of the [plural noun],” which functions as the subject. Despite the sentence referencing a group of people or things, the noun phrase is focusing on just one of them. For example, “Mr. Lee is one of the teachers who coaches sports after school.”
Source : https://www.masterclass.com/articles/subject-verb-agreement#7tIxAlHAlGqku9laXao9qH
Exercises :
https://webapps.towson.edu/ows/exercises/Subject%20Verb%20Agreement%20-%20Exercise01.aspx
https://www.grammarbank.com/subject-verb-agreement-exercise.html
https://en.islcollective.com/english-esl-worksheets/grammar-practice/general-grammar-practice/subject-verb-agreement/subject-verb-agreement/6276#&gid=1&pid=1
