Session 3

 If any new vocabulary or questions , please post under, in comments. 

Deadline, Tuesday, 3rd  October , 8 a.m. 

Possession 

Cazul genitiv desemnează relații de posesiune / apartenență. În limba engleză, genitivul se poate construi în două moduri:

• Adăugăm 's după substantiv, fie el propriu sau comun. 
  e.g.: Mary's dog → câinele lui Mary; the boy's cat → pisica băiatului; my father's uncle → unchiul tatălui meu


• Folosim prepoziția of
  e.g.: the door of the house → ușa casei; the member of the family → membrul familiei; the name of the country → numele țării

Observații 

Atunci când posesorul este o persoană (desemnată printr-un substantiv propriu sau comun), folosim prima variantă. e.g.: Mary's dog; the girl's dog

Atunci când elementele aflate în relație sunt obiecte, folosim îndeosebi a doua variantă. e.g.: the door of the house

În situațiile de mijloc, putem folosi oricare dintre cele două variante. e.g.: the dog's leash; the leash of the dog

Cum folosim genitivul format prin 's?

În general, foarte simplu, așa cum ai văzut mai sus. Să punctăm în continuare câteva cazuri speciale.

• La formele regulate de plural (care se termină în s) adăugăm doar ' (apostrof), fără să mai punem încă un s. Nu se schimbă nimic în pronunție – genitivul pluralului se pronunță la fel ca pluralul.
  
  My parents' house is in Bucharest.
  
  Totuși, în cazul substantivelor neregulate care nu se termină în s, adăugăm 's:
  
  The children's uncle is Tom.


• Atunci când posesorul este multiplu (doi sau mai mulți posesori), adăugăm 's la sfârșitul ultimului nume:
  
  Clara and Jeremy's phone number. Brian and Ruby's car number.

Source : https://rapiduldeengleza.ro/beginner/the-genitive/grammar.html

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a1/whose-possessive-s/

Adjectives 

Write them down and enhance your vocabulary : 

Session 2

 Present Simple versus Present Continuous 

https://test-english.com/grammar-points/a2/present-simple-continuous/

https://eslbluesapps.com/m/mc/pcvspsqkm.html

https://eslbluesapps.com/m/mc/tamtamm.html

https://www.englishexercises.org/makeagame/viewgame.asp?id=1098

http://www.xtec.cat/~eromo2/englishgate/elementary/presents1.htm

https://www.internationalschooltutors.de/English/activities/grammar/multi1/1.html

https://www.montsemorales.com/gramatica/PresSimpCont2.htm

If you have questions or new words please , post them in a comment below . 

Deadline : Tuesday , 26th September, 8 a.m. 

Session 1

 

Present Simple	Present Continuous
Things which are always true: Water boils at 100 degrees.	Things which are happening at the moment of speaking: The water is boiling now, so you can put in the pasta.
Permanent situations (or nearly permanent; true for a few years at least): Julie lives in London.	Temporary situations: Julie is living in Paris for a few months (usually she lives in London). Situations which are slowly changing: I'm getting better and better at speaking English.
Habits or things we do regularly: I drink coffee every morning.	Temporary or new habits: I'm drinking too much coffee these days because I'm so busy at work. Annoying habits (usually with 'always'): My flatmate is always leaving the kitchen in a mess!
Future events which are part of a timetable: My plane leaves at eight tonight. To talk about the future after certain words ('when' 'until' 'after' 'before' 'as soon as'): I'll call you when I get home.	Definite future plans: I'm meeting John after class today.
To talk about what happens in books, plays and films: At the end of the book, the detective catches the killer.	To talk about people in pictures and photos: In this photo, my mother is walking beside a lake.

Remember:

• We use the present simple with stative verbs. We can't use any continuous tense (including the present continuous tense, of course) with stative verbs.

Some English verbs, which we call state, non-continuous or stative verbs, aren't used in continuous tenses (like the present continuous, or the future continuous). These verbs often describe states that last for some time. Here is a list of some common ones:

like	know	belong
love	realise	fit
hate	suppose	contain
want	mean	consist
need	understand	seem
prefer	believe	depend
agree	remember	matter
mind	recognise	see
own	appear	look (=seem)
sound	taste	smell
hear	astonish	deny
disagree	please	impress
satisfy	promise	surprise
doubt	think (=have an opinion)	feel (=have an opinion)
wish	imagine	concern
dislike	be	have
deserve	involve	include
lack	measure (=have length etc)	possess
owe	weigh (=have weight)

A verb which isn't stative is called a dynamic verb, and is usually an action.

Source : https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-or-present-continuous.html

Types of Stative Verbs

Four types of stative verbs include: senses, emotion, being, and possession. There's no one "right" way to classify them, of course, and some words can fit in multiple categories, depending on the context of their usage. Geoffrey Leach and colleagues group the four types this way:

"(a) Perception and sensation (e.g. see, hear, smell, hurt, taste)...
(b) Cognition, emotion, attitude (e.g. think, feel, forget, long, remember)...
(c) Having and being (e.g. be, have, have to, cost, require)...
(d) Stance (e.g. sit, stand, lie, live, face)"

(Geoffrey Leech, Marianne Hundt, Christian Mair, and Nicholas Smith, "Change in Contemporary English: A Grammatical Study." Cambridge University Press, 2012)

* stance - punct de vedere / pozitie a corpului 

Read and learn what is above , write down the new vocabulary together with its translation in Romanian . You can use https://hallo.ro/dictionar-englez-roman/

Task 1 - solve the next exercises 

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-present-continuous-1.html

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-present-continuous-2.html

https://www.perfect-english-grammar.com/present-simple-present-continuous-3.html

Task 2 - the new vocabulary should be used in contexts by your own and posted under as comments. Your comments will be visible after I approve them , so do not panic. 

Deadline ; 16th September ,12 pm